Food additives are assigned a code in the EU called “E-numbers” (the E for Europe). These are codes for substances used as food additives for use within the EU and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Commonly found on food labels, their evaluation and safety approval is the responsibility of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).
The range of E numbers indicates a type of food additive, listed below are the different additives listed in increasing order and grouped by use:
E100-E199 (dyes)
| Code | Name | Color |
|---|---|---|
| E100 | curcumin, turmeric | yellow-orange |
| E101 | riboflavin (vitamin B2) | yellow-orange |
| E101a | riboflavin 5′-phosphate sodium | yellow-orange |
| E102 | tartrazine | yellow |
| E103 | alkanin | red-brown |
| E104 | quinoline yellow | yellow-greenish |
| E105 | solid yellow | yellow |
| E106 | 5′-riboflavin phosphate | yellow |
| E107 | 2G yellow | yellow |
| E110 | yellow-orange S | yellow-orange |
| E111 | orange GGN (alpha-naphthol orange) | orange |
| E120 | cochineal, carminic acid, carmine | crimson |
| E121 | citric red 2 | dark red |
| E122 | carmisin (azorubin) | from red to brown |
| E123 | amaranth | red |
| E124 | Ponceau 4R (cochineal red A) | red |
| E125 | Ponceau SX | red |
| E126 | Ponceau 6R | red |
| E127 | erythrosine | red |
| E128 | red 2G | red or pink |
| E129 | allura red AC | red |
| E130 | indanthrene blue RS | blue |
| E131 | patent blue V | dark blue |
| E132 | indigo carmine (indigotine) | indigo |
| E133 | brilliant blue FCF | reddish blue |
| E140 | (i) chlorophylls (ii) chlorophyllins | green |
| E141 | (i) cupric complexes of chlorophylls (ii) cupric complexes of chlorophyllins | green |
| E142 | brilliant acid green BS (lissamine green) | green |
| E143 | fast green FCF | green |
| E150a | natural caramel | brown |
| E150b | caustic sulphite caramel | brown |
| E150c | ammonium caramel | brown |
| E150d | ammonium sulphite caramel | brown |
| E151 | black PN (glossy black BN) | black |
| E152 | black 7984 | black |
| E153 | charcoal | black |
| E154 | brown FK | brown |
| E155 | brown HT (chocolate brown HT) | brown |
| E160a | mixed carotenoids: α-carotene, β-carotene, γ-carotene | yellow-orange to brown |
| E160b | roco or annatto, bixin, norbixin | orange |
| E160c | paprika extract: (i) capsanthin, (ii) capsorubin | red |
| E160d | lycopene | bright to deep red |
| E160e | beta-apo-8′-carotenal (C 30) | orange-red to yellow |
| E160f | beta-apo-8′-carotenic acid ethyl ester (C 30) | orange-red to yellow |
| E161a | flavoxanthin | golden-yellow to brownish |
| E161b | lutein | red-orange to yellow |
| E161c | cryptoxanthin | red-orange to orange |
| E161d | rubixanthin | red-orange to orange |
| E161e | violaxanthin | orange |
| E161f | rhodoxanthin | purple |
| E161g | canthaxanthin | violet |
| E161h | zeaxanthin | red-orange |
| E161i | citranaxanthin | deep violet |
| E161j | astaxanthin | red |
| E162 | beetroot red, betanin | red |
| E163 | anthocyanins | pH-dependent (in the ranges red, green and purple) |
| E164 | saffron | red-orange |
| E170 | (i) calcium carbonate (ii) calcium hydrogen carbonate | white |
| E171 | titanium oxide, titanium dioxide, titanium dioxide | white |
| E172 | Ferric oxides and hydroxides | brown |
| E173 | Natural Aluminium | silver to grey |
| E174 | Silver | silver |
| E175 | Gold | gold |
| E180 | lithol-rubin BK | red |
| E181 | tannin, tannic acid | brown |
| E182 | orcein | purple |
E200-E299 (preservatives)
| Code | Name | Uses |
|---|---|---|
| E200 | sorbic acid | preservative |
| E201 | sodium sorbate | preservative |
| E202 | potassium sorbate | preservative |
| E203 | calcium sorbate | preservative |
| E209 | heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate (heptylparaben) | preservative |
| E210 | benzoic acid | preservative |
| E211 | sodium benzoate | preservative |
| E212 | potassium benzoate | preservative |
| E213 | calcium benzoate | preservative |
| E214 | ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate (ethylparaben) | preservative |
| E215 | sodium salt ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate (sodium salt of ethylparaben) | preservative |
| E216 | propyl p-hydroxybenzoate (propylparaben) | preservative |
| E217 | propyl p-hydroxybenzoate sodium salt (propylparaben sodium salt) | preservative |
| E218 | methyl p-hydroxybenzoate (methylparaben) | preservative |
| E219 | sodium salt of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate (sodium salt of methylparaben) | preservative |
| E220 | sulphur dioxide (sulphur dioxide) | preservative |
| E221 | sodium sulphite | preservative |
| E222 | sodium bisulphite (sodium acid bisulphite) | preservative |
| E223 | sodium metabisulphite (sodium disulphite) | preservative |
| E224 | potassium disulphite (potassium pyrosulphite) | preservative |
| E225 | potassium sulphite | preservative |
| E226 | calcium sulphite | preservative |
| E227 | calcium bisulphite (calcium acid sulphite) | preservative, firming agent |
| E228 | potassium bisulphite | preservative |
| E230 | biphenyl, diphenyl | preservative |
| E231 | o-phenylphenol | preservative |
| E232 | sodium o-phenylphenate | preservative |
| E233 | thiabendazole | preservative |
| E234 | nisin | preservative |
| E235 | natamycin (pimaricin) | preservative |
| E236 | formic acid | preservative |
| E237 | sodium formate | preservative |
| E238 | calcium formate | preservative |
| E239 | hexamine (hexamethylenetetramine) | preservative |
| E240 | formaldehyde | preservative |
| E242 | dimethyl dicarbonate | preservative |
| E249 | potassium nitrite | preservative |
| E250 | sodium nitrite | preservative |
| E251 | sodium nitrate | preservative |
| E252 | potassium nitrate | preservative |
| E260 | acetic acid | preservative, acidity regulator |
| E261 | potassium acetate | preservative, acidity regulator |
| E262 | (i) sodium acetate (ii) sodium diacetate | preservative, acidity regulator |
| E263 | calcium acetate | preservative, acidity regulator |
| E264 | ammonium acetate | preservative |
| E265 | dehydroacetic acid | preservative |
| E266 | sodium dehydroacetate | preservative |
| E270 | lactic acid | preservative, antioxidant |
| E280 | propionic acid | preservative |
| E281 | sodium propionate | preservative |
| E282 | calcium propionate | preservative |
| E283 | potassium propionate | preservative |
| E284 | boric acid | preservative |
| E285 | sodium tetraborate (borax) | preservative |
| E290 | carbon dioxide | acidity regulator |
| E296 | malic acid | acidulant, acidity regulator |
| E297 | fumaric acid | acidity regulator |
E300-E399 (antioxidants, acidity regulator)
| Code | Name | Uses |
|---|---|---|
| E300 | ascorbic acid (vitamin C) | antioxidant |
| E301 | sodium ascorbate | antioxidant |
| E302 | calcium ascorbate | antioxidant |
| E303 | potassium ascorbate | antioxidant |
| E304 | ascorbyl palmitate | antioxidant |
| E305 | ascorbyl stearate | antioxidant |
| E306 | tocopherol-rich extract (natural vitamin E) | antioxidant |
| E307 | α-tocopherol (synthetic) | antioxidant |
| E308 | γ-tocopherol (synthetic) | antioxidant |
| E309 | δ-tocopherol (synthetic) | antioxidant |
| E310 | propyl gallate | antioxidant |
| E311 | octyl gallate | antioxidant |
| E312 | dodecyl gallate | antioxidant |
| E313 | ethyl gallate | antioxidant |
| E314 | guaiac resin | antioxidant |
| E315 | erythorbic acid | antioxidant |
| E316 | sodium erythorbate | antioxidant |
| E317 | erythorbic acid | antioxidant |
| E318 | sodium erythorbate | antioxidant |
| E319 | tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) | antioxidant |
| E320 | hydroxybutylanisole (BHA) | antioxidant |
| E321 | butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) | antioxidant |
| E322 | lecithin | emulsifier |
| E323 | anoxomer | antioxidant |
| E324 | ethoxyquinone | antioxidant |
| E325 | sodium lactate | acidity regulator |
| E326 | potassium lactate | antioxidant, acidity regulator |
| E327 | calcium lactate | acidity regulator |
| E328 | ammonium lactate | acidity regulator |
| E329 | magnesium lactate | acidity regulator |
| E330 | citric acid | acidulant, acidity regulator |
| E331 | (i) monosodium citrate (ii) disodium citrate (iii) trisodium citrate | acidity regulator |
| E332 | (i) monopotassium citrate (ii) dipotassium citrate (iii) tripotassium citrate | acidity regulator |
| E333 | (i) monocalcium citrate (ii) dicalcium citrate (iii) tricalcium citrate | acidity regulator, firming agent, chelating agent |
| E334 | L(+)-tartaric acid | acidulant |
| E335 | (i) monosodium tartrate (ii) disodium tartrate | acidity regulator |
| E336 | (i) monopotassium tartrate (ii) dipotassium tartrate | acidity regulator |
| E337 | potassium sodium tartrate | acidity regulator |
| E338 | orthophosphoric acid | acidulant |
| E339 | (i) monosodium phosphate (ii) disodium phosphate (iii) trisodium phosphate | antioxidant |
| E340 | (i) monopotassium phosphate (ii) dipotassium phosphate (iii) tripotassium phosphate | antioxidant |
| E341 | (i) monocalcium phosphate (ii) dicalcium phosphate (iii) tricalcium phosphate | anti-caking agent, firming agent |
| E342 | (i) monoammonium phosphate (ii) diammonium phosphate | |
| E343 | (i) monomagnesium phosphate (ii) dimagnesium phosphate | anti-caking agent |
| E344 | lecithin citrate | acidity regulator |
| E345 | magnesium citrate | acidity regulator |
| E349 | ammonium malate | acidity regulator |
| E350 | (i) sodium malate (ii) sodium acid malate | acidity regulator |
| E351 | potassium malate | acidity regulator |
| E352 | (i) calcium malate (ii) calcium acid malate | acidity regulator |
| E353 | metatartaric acid | emulsifier |
| E354 | calcium tartrate | emulsifier |
| E355 | adipic acid | acidity regulator |
| E356 | sodium adipate | acidity regulator |
| E357 | potassium adipate | acidity regulator |
| E359 | ammonium adipate | acidity regulator |
| E363 | succinic acid | acidity regulator |
| E365 | sodium fumarate | acidity regulator |
| E366 | potassium fumarate | acidity regulator |
| E367 | calcium fumarate | acidity regulator |
| E368 | ammonium fumarate | acidity regulator |
| E370 | 1,4-heptonolactone | acidity regulator |
| E375 | niacin (nicotinic acid) | acidity regulator |
| E380 | triammonium citrate | acidity regulator |
| E381 | ferric ammonium citrate (green) | acidity regulator |
| E383 | calcium glycerylphosphate | acidity regulator |
| E384 | isopropyl citrate | acidity regulator |
| E385 | calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (calcium disodium EDETATE) | chelating agent |
| E386 | disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (disodium EDETATE) | chelating agent |
| E387 | oxystearin | stabiliser |
| E388 | thiodipropionic acid | |
| E389 | dilauryl thiodipropionate | |
| E390 | diestearyl thiodipropionate | |
| E391 | pictic acid | |
| E392 | rosemary extract | |
| E399 | calcium lactobionate |
E400-E499 (gelling agents, thickeners, stabilizers, emulsifiers)
| Code | Name | Uses |
|---|---|---|
| E400 | alginic acid | gelling agents, thickeners, stabilisers, emulsifiers, emulsifying agents |
| E401 | sodium alginate | gelling agents, thickeners, stabilisers, emulsifiers, emulsifier |
| E402 | potassium alginate | gelling agents, thickeners, stabilisers, emulsifiers, emulsifier |
| E403 | ammonium alginate | gelling agents, thickeners, stabilisers, emulsifiers, emulsifier |
| E404 | calcium alginate | gelling agents, thickening agents, stabilisers, emulsifier, emulsifier |
| E405 | propylene glycol alginate | thickener, stabiliser, emulsifier, emulsifier |
| E406 | agar-agar | gelling agent, thickening agent, stabiliser |
| E407 | carrageenans (seaweeds) | gelling agents, thickening agents, stabilisers, emulsifier, emulsifier |
| E407a | processed euchema seaweed | sweetener, gelling agents, gelling agents, thickening agents, stabilisers, emulsifier |
| E408 | baker's yeast glycan | |
| E409 | arabinogalactan | |
| E410 | carob flour (locust bean gum) | gelling agents, gelling agents, thickeners, stabilisers, emulsifiers, emulsifier |
| E411 | tamarind flour | thickener, stabiliser, emulsifier, emulsifier |
| E412 | guar gum | thickener, stabiliser, emulsifier, emulsifier |
| E413 | tragacanth gum | thickener, stabiliser, emulsifier, emulsifier |
| E414 | gum arabic | thickener, stabiliser, emulsifier, emulsifier |
| E415 | xanthan gum | thickener, emulsifier |
| E416 | karaya gum | thickener, stabiliser, emulsifier |
| E417 | tara gum | thickener, stabiliser |
| E418 | gelana gum | thickening, stabilising, emulsifying, emulsifier |
| E419 | Gum ghatti | thickener, stabiliser, emulsifier, emulsifier |
| E420 | (i) sorbitol (ii) sorbitol syrup | emulsifier, sweetener, humectant, humectant |
| E421 | mannitol | anti-caking agent, sweetener, sweeteners |
| E422 | glycerol | emulsifier, sweeteners |
| E424 | curdlan | gelling agent |
| E425 | (i) konjac gum (ii) konjac glucomannan | emulsifier |
| E426 | soybean hemicellulose | |
| E427 | cassia gum | |
| E428 | gelatine | |
| E429 | peptones | |
| E430 | polyoxyethylene stearate 8 | emulsifier, stabilizer |
| E431 | polyoxyethylene stearate 40 | emulsifier |
| E432 | polysorbate 20 | emulsifier |
| E433 | polysorbate 80 | emulsifier |
| E434 | polysorbate 40 | emulsifier |
| E435 | polysorbate 60 | emulsifier |
| E436 | polysorbate 65 | emulsifier |
| E440 | (i) pectin (ii) aminated pectin | emulsifier |
| E441 | gelatin | emulsifier, gelling agent |
| E442 | ammonium phosphatide | emulsifier |
| E443 | brominated vegetable oil | emulsifier |
| E444 | sucrose acetate isobutyrate acetate | emulsifier |
| E445 | glycerol esters with wood resin | emulsifier |
| E446 | succystearin | |
| E450 | (i) disodium diphosphate (ii) trisodium diphosphate (iii) tetrasodium diphosphate (iv) dipotassium pyrophosphate (v) tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (vi) dicalcium diphosphate (vii) calcium acid diphosphate | emulsifier |
| E451 | (i) pentasodium triphosphate (ii) pentapotassium riphosphate | emulsifier |
| E452 | (i) sodium polyphosphates (ii) potassium polyphosphates (iii) sodium and calcium polyphosphates (iv) calcium polyphosphates (v) ammonium polyphosphates | emulsifier |
| E459 | β-cyclodextrin | emulsifier |
| E460 | (i) microcrystalline cellulose (ii) powdered cellulose | emulsifier |
| E461 | methyl cellulose | emulsifier |
| E462 | ethyl cellulose | emulsifier |
| E463 | hydroxypropyl cellulose | emulsifier |
| E464 | hypromellose (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose) | emulsifier |
| E465 | ethyl methyl cellulose | emulsifier |
| E466 | carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose | emulsifier |
| E467 | ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose | |
| E468 | cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium croscaramellose) | emulsifier |
| E469 | enzymatically hydrolysed carboxymethyl cellulose | emulsifier |
| E470a | sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids | anti-caking agent, emulsifier |
| E470b | magnesium salts of fatty acids | anti-caking agent, emulsifier |
| E471 | mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids (glycerol monostearate, glycerol distearate) | emulsifier |
| E472a | acetic esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier |
| E472b | lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier |
| E472c | citric esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier |
| E472d | tartaric esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier |
| E472e | mono- and diacetyl tartaric esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier |
| E472f | mixed acetic and tartaric esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier |
| E472g | succinylated monoglycerides | emulsifier |
| E473 | sucrose esters of fatty acids | emulsifier |
| E474 | sucrose glycerides | emulsifier |
| E475 | polyglycerol esters of fatty acids | emulsifier |
| E476 | polyglycerol polyricinoleate | emulsifier |
| E477 | propane-1,2-diol ester of fatty acids, propylene glycol esters of fatty acids | emulsifier |
| E478 | glycerol and propane-1,2-diol fatty acid lacty acid esters | emulsifier |
| E479b | thermally oxidised soya bean oil which has been reacted with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier |
| E480 | sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate (docusate sodium) | emulsifier |
| E481 | sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate | emulsifier |
| E482 | calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate | emulsifier |
| E483 | stearyl tartrate | emulsifier |
| E484 | stearyl citrate | emulsifier |
| E485 | sodium stearyl fumarate | emulsifier |
| E486 | calcium stearyl fumarate | emulsifier |
| E487 | sodium lauryl sulphate | emulsifier |
| E488 | ethoxylated mono- and di-glycerides | emulsifier |
| E489 | coconut oil methylglucoside ester | emulsifier |
| E490 | propane-1,2-diol | |
| E491 | sorbitan monostearate | emulsifier |
| E492 | sorbitan tristearate | emulsifier |
| E493 | sorbitan monolaurate | emulsifier |
| E494 | sorbitan monoleate | emulsifier |
| E495 | sorbitan monopalmitate | emulsifier |
| E496 | sorbitan trioleate | emulsifier |
| E497 | polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene polymers | |
| E498 | partial polyglycerol esters of polycondensed fatty acids from castor oil | |
| E499 | stigmasterol-rich phytosterols |
E500-E599 (acidity regulators, anti-caking agents)
| Code | Name | Uses |
|---|---|---|
| E500 | (i) sodium carbonate (ii) sodium bicarbonate (iii) sodium sesquicarbonate | acidity regulator, leavening agent |
| E501 | (i) potassium carbonate (ii) potassium bicarbonate (iii) potassium bicarbonate | acidity regulator |
| E503 | (i) ammonium carbonate (ii) ammonium bicarbonate (i) magnesium carbonate (ii) ammonium bicarbonate | acidity regulator |
| E504 | (i) magnesium carbonate (ii) magnesium bicarbonate (i) magnesium carbonate (ii) magnesium bicarbonate (iii) iron carbonate | acidity regulator, anti-caking agent |
| E505 | iron carbonate | acidity regulator |
| E507 | hydrochloric acid | acidulant |
| E508 | potassium chloride | gelling agent |
| E509 | calcium chloride | chelating, firming agent |
| E510 | ammonium chloride, ammonia solution | acidity regulator, acidity enhancer |
| E511 | magnesium chloride | firming agent |
| E512 | stannous chloride | antioxidant |
| E513 | sulphuric acid | acidulant |
| E514 | (i) sodium sulphate (ii) sodium bisulphate | acidulant |
| E515 | (i) potassium sulphate (ii) potassium bisulphate | |
| E516 | calcium sulphate (gypsum) | |
| E517 | ammonium sulphate | acidity regulator |
| E518 | magnesium sulphate (Epsom salt) | acidity regulator, firming agent |
| E519 | copper (II) sulphate | preservative |
| E520 | aluminium sulphate | firming agent |
| E521 | aluminium sodium sulphate | firming agent |
| E522 | aluminium potassium sulphate | acidity regulator |
| E523 | aluminium ammonium sulphate | acidity regulator |
| E524 | sodium hydroxide | acidity regulator |
| E525 | potassium hydroxide | acidity regulator |
| E526 | calcium hydroxide | acidity regulator, firming agent |
| E527 | ammonium hydroxide | acidity regulator |
| E528 | magnesium hydroxide | acidity regulator |
| E529 | calcium oxide | acidity regulator, acidity enhancer |
| E530 | magnesium oxide | acidity regulator, anti-caking agent |
| E535 | sodium ferrocyanide | acidity regulator, anti-caking agent |
| E536 | potassium ferrocyanide | anti-caking agent |
| E537 | ferrous hexacyanomanganate | anti-caking agent |
| E538 | calcium ferrocyanide | anti-caking agent |
| E539 | sodium thiosulphate | antioxidant |
| E540 | calcium hydrogen phosphate | acidity regulator, emulsifier |
| E541 | (i) acidic (ii) basic aluminium sodium phosphate | emulsifier |
| E542 | tricalcium phosphate (edible bone phosphate) | anti-caking agent |
| E543 | calcium sodium polyphosphate | emulsifier |
| E544 | calcium polyphosphate | emulsifier |
| E545 | ammonium polyphosphate | emulsifier |
| E550 | (i) sodium silicate (ii) sodium metasilicate | anti-caking agent |
| E551 | silicon dioxide | anti-caking agent |
| E552 | calcium silicate | anti-caking agent |
| E553a | (i) magnesium silicate (ii) magnesium trisilicate | anti-caking agent |
| E553b | talc | anti-caking agent |
| E554 | sodium aluminosilicate | anti-caking agent |
| E555 | potassium aluminosilicate | anti-caking agent |
| E556 | calcium aluminosilicate | anti-caking agent |
| E557 | zinc silicate | anti-caking agent |
| E558 | bentonite | anti-caking agent |
| E559 | aluminium silicate (kaolin) | anti-caking agent |
| E560 | potassium silicate | anti-caking agent |
| E561 | vermiculite | |
| E562 | sepiolite | |
| E563 | sepiolitic mineral | |
| E565 | lignosulphonates | |
| E566 | natrolite-phonolite | |
| E570 | fatty acids | anti-caking agent |
| E572 | magnesium stearate, calcium stearate | emulsifier, anti-caking agent |
| E574 | gluconic acid | acidity regulator |
| E575 | glucono δ-lactone | acidity regulating agent, chelating agent |
| E576 | sodium gluconate | chelating agent |
| E577 | potassium gluconate | chelating agent |
| E578 | calcium gluconate | firming agent |
| E579 | ferrous gluconate | dye |
| E580 | magnesium gluconate | |
| E585 | ferrous lactate | dye |
| E586 | 4-hexylresorcinol | antioxidant |
| E598 | calcium aluminates (synthetic) | |
| E599 | perlite |
E600-E699 (flavor enhancer)
| Code | Name |
|---|---|
| E620 | glutamic acid |
| E621 | monosodium glutamate |
| E622 | monopotassium glutamate |
| E623 | calcium diglutamate |
| E624 | ammonium glutamate |
| E625 | magnesium diglutamate |
| E626 | guanylic acid |
| E627 | disodium guanylate |
| E628 | dipotassium guanylate |
| E629 | calcium guanylate |
| E630 | inosinic acid |
| E631 | disodium inosinate |
| E632 | dipotassium inosinate |
| E633 | calcium inosinate |
| E634 | calcium 5′-ribonucleotide |
| E635 | disodium 5′-ribonucleotide |
| E636 | maltol |
| E637 | ethyl maltol |
| E640 | glycine and its sodium salts |
| E641 | L-leucine |
| E650 | zinc acetate |
E700–E799 (antibiotics)
| Code | Name |
|---|---|
| E701 | tetracyclines |
| E702 | chlortetracyclines |
| E703 | oxytetracyclines |
| E704 | oleandomycin |
| E705 | penicillin G potassium salt |
| E706 | penicillin G sodium salt |
| E707 | penicillin G procaine |
| E708 | penicillin G benzathine |
| E710 | spiramycins |
| E711 | virginiamycamycins |
| E712 | flavomycins |
| E713 | tylosins |
| E714 | monensin A |
| E715 | avoparcins |
| E716 | salinomycins |
| E717 | avilamycins |
E900-E999 (coating agents, gases and sweeteners)
| Code | Name | Use |
|---|---|---|
| E900 | dimethyl polysiloxane | anti-foaming agent, anti-caking agent |
| E901 | beeswax (white and yellow) | coating agent |
| E902 | candelilla wax | coating agent |
| E903 | carnauba wax | coating agent |
| E904 | shellac | coating agent |
| E905 | paraffin wax | |
| E905a | mineral oil | anti-foaming agent |
| E905b | petrolatum (petroleum jelly) | |
| E905c | petroleum wax (i) microcrystalline wax (ii) paraffin wax | coating agent |
| E906 | benzoyl gum | flavour enhancer |
| E907 | refined microcrystalline wax | coating agent |
| E908 | rice bran wax | coating agent |
| E909 | spermaceti | coating agent |
| E910 | wax esters | coating agent |
| E911 | fatty acid methyl esters | coating agent |
| E912 | montanic acid esters | coating agent |
| E913 | lanolin (sheep's wool grease) | coating agent |
| E914 | oxidised polyethylene wax, oxidised polyethylene | coating agent |
| E915 | esters of rosin | coating agent |
| E916 | calcium iodate | |
| E917 | potassium iodate | |
| E918 | nitrogen oxides | |
| E919 | nitrosyl chloride | |
| E920 | L-cysteine and its hydrochlorides | improver |
| E921 | L-cysteine | improver |
| E922 | potassium persulphate | improver |
| E923 | ammonium persulphate | improver |
| E924 | potassium bromate | improver |
| E924b | calcium bromate | improver |
| E925 | chlorine | preservative, bleaching agent, improver |
| E926 | chlorine dioxide | preservative, bleaching agent |
| E927a | azodicarbonamide | improver |
| E927b | carbamide (urea) | improver |
| E928 | benzoyl peroxide | improver, bleaching |
| E929 | acetone peroxide | |
| E930 | calcium peroxide | improver, whitener |
| E938 | argon | bottling gas |
| E939 | helium | bottling gas |
| E940 | dichlorodifluoromethane | bottling gas |
| E941 | nitrogen | packaging gas, propellant gas |
| E942 | nitrous oxide | propellant gas |
| E943a | butane | propellant gas |
| E943b | isobutane | propellant gas |
| E944 | propane | propellant gas |
| E945 | chloropentafluoroethane | propellant gas |
| E946 | octafluorocyclobutane | propellant gas |
| E948 | oxygen | bottling gas |
| E949 | hydrogen | bottling gas |
| E950 | acesulfame potassium (acesulfame-K) | sweeteners |
| E951 | aspartame | sweeteners |
| E952 | cyclamic acid and its sodium and calcium salts (cyclamates) | sweeteners |
| E953 | isomaltose (isomalt) | sweeteners |
| E954 | saccharin and its sodium, potassium and calcium salts (saccharinates) | sweeteners |
| E955 | sucralose (trichlorogalactosucrose) | sweeteners |
| E956 | allitame | sweeteners |
| E957 | thaumatin | sweeteners, flavour enhancer |
| E958 | glycyrrhizin | sweeteners, flavour enhancer |
| E959 | neohesperidin dihydrochalcone | sweeteners, flavour enhancer |
| E960 | steviol glycosides | sweeteners |
| E961 | neotame | sweeteners |
| E962 | aspartame-acesulfame salt | sweeteners, stabiliser |
| E965 | (i) maltitol (ii) maltitol syrup | sweeteners, stabiliser, humectant |
| E966 | lactitol | sweeteners |
| E967 | xylitol | sweeteners |
| E968 | erythritol | sweeteners |
| E969 | advantame | sweeteners |
| E999 | quillaia extracts | foaming agent |
E1000-E1599 (additional additives)
| Code | Name | Use |
|---|---|---|
| E1000 | cholic acid | emulsifier |
| E1001 | choline salts | emulsifier |
| E1100 | amylase | stabiliser, flavour enhancer |
| E1101 | (i) protease, (ii) papain, (iii) bromelain, (iv) ficin | stabiliser, flavour enhancer |
| E1102 | glucose oxidase | antioxidant |
| E1103 | invertase | stabiliser |
| E1104 | lipase | |
| E1105 | lysozyme | preservative |
| E1200 | polydextrose | stabiliser, thickener, humectant, carrier |
| E1201 | polyvinyl pyrrolidone | stabiliser |
| E1202 | polyvinyl polypyrrolidone | carrier, stabilizer |
| E1203 | polyvinyl alcohol | |
| E1204 | pululan | |
| E1400 | dextrin (dextrins, white and yellow roasted starch) | stabilizer, thickener |
| E1401 | modified starch (acid treated starch) | stabilizer, thickener |
| E1402 | modified starch with base | stabiliser, thickener |
| E1403 | bleached starch | stabiliser, thickener |
| E1404 | oxidised starch | emulsifier, thickener |
| E1405 | enzyme-treated starch | |
| E1410 | mono starch phosphate | stabilizer, thickener |
| E1411 | dialmidon glycerol | thickener, emulsifier |
| E1412 | dialmidon phosphate esterified with sodium trimetaphosphate; esterified with phosphorus oxychloride | stabilizer, thickener |
| E1413 | phosphate dialmidon phosphate phosphatates | stabiliser, thickener |
| E1414 | acetylated starch phosphates | emulsifier, thickener |
| E1420 | starch acetate esterified with acetic anhydride | stabiliser, thickener |
| E1421 | starch acetate esterified with vinyl acetate | stabiliser, thickener |
| E1422 | acetylated dialmidon adipate | stabiliser, thickener |
| E1423 | acetylated starch glycerol dialmidone | thickener |
| E1430 | dialmidon glycerol | stabiliser, thickener |
| E1440 | hydroxy propyl starch | emulsifier, thickener |
| E1441 | dialmidon hydroxypropyl glycerol glycerine | stabiliser, thickener |
| E1442 | hydroxypropyl starch hydroxypropyl starch phosphate | stabiliser, thickener |
| E1443 | hydroxypropyl starch hydroxypropyl starch glycerol | |
| E1450 | sodium octenyl succinate starch | emulsifier, stabiliser, thickener, thickener |
| E1451 | acetylated and oxidised starch | emulsifier, thickener |
| E1452 | aluminium octenyl succinate starch | |
| E1501 | benzylated hydrocarbons | |
| E1502 | butane-1,3-diol | |
| E1503 | castor oil | |
| E1504 | ethyl acetate | solvent for flavour extraction |
| E1505 | triethyl citrate | foam stabiliser |
| E1510 | ethanol | |
| E1516 | glyceryl monoacetate | solvent for flavour extraction |
| E1517 | glyceryl diacetate (diacetin) | flavour extraction solvent |
| E1518 | glyceryl triacetate (triacetin) | humectant and solvent for flavour extraction |
| E1519 | benzyl alcohol | |
| E1520 | propylene glycol | wetting agent and solvent for flavour extraction |
| E1521 | polyethylene glycol 8000 | |
| E1525 | hydroxyethyl cellulose | thickener |
Video about E numbers
FAQ
What does the letter E stand for in additives?
An E number indicates that an additive has passed safety controls and has been approved for use in the European Union. It is therefore a guarantee of safety. EU legislation requires food additives to be clearly labeled in the list of ingredients by name or E-number.
What is E306?
Antioxidant obtained by distillation of vegetable oils. It is a natural extract of vitamin E. It delays the rancidity of oils and margarines.
